# Creating database and tables | PostgreSQL

You create a database to store all your data and information in one place. The database is like an envelope containing and enclosing many sheets of data called tables.   


![Database_Table_analogy.png](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1664168908706/fNYSdSNTw.png align="center")

The sheets represent the tables in the database where your data is stored. Data is stored in a grid or tabular format as shown below.


![sheet_table.png](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1665213951294/GyWJIc7FM.png align="center")

Each row in the grid is an entry in the table.

### Creating database

```SQL
CREATE DATABASE store_database;
```
The above command creates a database called `store_database` for us it is the name of the envelope where we will put our _store_ sheets.

![store_database_envelope_analogy.png](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1665206895399/19Jj6U5s0.png align="center")

### Creating Tables

What is data a store manager would like to keep?
- Employee details
- Product details
- Order details

These are called entities, each entity served a specific purpose, you cannot put employee details and product details together. For us, they mean a sheet in an envelope, each sheet in the envelope has particular data written on it. A sheet may be a list of products in the store, another sheet may be a list of employees in the store. In the terms of the SQL, each of these sheets represents a table in the database.


![sheets.png](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1665208429120/HZTtTC3Os.png align="center")

Each of the sheets (table) stores only one kind of data object(entity). Each entity has some attribute associated with it, for example, an employee Aniket has an ID, Name, and Salary whereas a product has an ID, Name, and Price. These attributes or columns are properties of the entity and will vary as the entity varies.

```SQL
CREATE TABLE employees (
  id bigserial,
  full_name varchar(50),
  salary numeric
);
```
The above commands create a sheet/table for Employee data with each employee having properties **id**, **full_name**, and **salary.**

If you look at the above command you will notice `full_name varchar(50)` the **full_name**  is the field or attribute an employee has whereas `varchar(50)` is the datatype the column/attribute can have, i.e name can only be characters in the same way **salary** can only be `numeric` and not a char because `2500qwerty` is not a valid salary but `2500` is a valid salary.

### Inserting rows into table

Let's start putting the data of employees in the employee table.

```SQL
INSERT INTO store_database
  (full_name,    salary)
VALUES
  ('Aniket',     2500),
  ('Robert',    2600);
```

- The above command **insert** data into **store_database**. 
- If you notice we are specifying the attribute or **column names** for which data has to be inserted. 
- Notice we are inserting multiple values `(...), (...)` as comma-separated in parathesis. 
- Data will appear in order of insertion

![animation.gif](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1665212202842/98P8WETwC.gif align="center")

The result looks like the following in the PostgresSQL

![Screenshot 2022-10-08 at 12.32.27 PM.png](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1665212627287/e8uFRQPHF.png align="center")

In this article, we have learned how to create a database and table, and how to insert data into those tables. In the next article, we will learn how to read and query this tables.